Francesco Sandulli, UCJC Business & Society Review Director, December 30, 2019,

Dear readers, I present to you the number 64 (fourth quarter of 2019) of the journal UCJC Business & Society Review.

Professor Corrás from the University of Coruña demonstrates that foreign banking tends to be located in Spanish provinces with greater financial market and international exposure. The work explains that the great recession has led to an increase in the presence of foreign banking in Spain, mainly due to the inflow of Venezuelan capital into the ownership of banks in Spain.

Researchers González-Mohíno and Donate from the University of Castilla-La Mancha demonstrate with a case study as in a traditional sector such as construction it is possible to develop innovation strategies based on proper knowledge management, provided they are supported by determined leadership, a culture that supports innovation and an adequate structure of Information Technologies.

Professors Lozano, Sánchez-Marin and Baixauli from the University of Murcia, perform a very accurate analysis of the effectiveness of Say-on-Pay in Spain by considering the specific evolution of the degree of remuneration alignment between 2011 and 2018, observing that after the implementation of the SOP, the remuneration received by CEOs is increasingly close to the efficient remuneration. It could therefore be said that the SOP is an effective mechanism in Spain to reduce the inefficient remuneration received by CEOs and to increase their linkage to organizational outcomes, as expected by the legislator with its incorporation into corporate governance regulations.

Finally, Professors Marín, Gil and Ruiz of the University of Valencia note that sustainability in retail commercial distribution is built through actions that involve economic sustainability, environmental sustainability and social sustainability. Customers perceive sustainability actions differently according to the retail format. Hypermarket customers value sustainability actions implemented by hypermarkets, while discount store customers don't give as much importance.